I have a real dilemma. I have two counts and totals I'd like to show on a single row, using the following three tables:
SalesPerson: EmpNo LastName 1 Jones 2 Harris 3 Smith HardwareSales: idno empno amount 1 1 1,200 2 2 2,600 3 2 1,400 4 2 1,000 5 3 3,200 6 3 2,800 SoftwareSales: idno empno amount 1 1 100 2 1 200 3 2 500 4 3 200 5 3 175 6 3 25 7 3 300
I would like to get this result:
EmpNo Count of Sum of Count of Sum of
Hardware Hardware Software Software
1 1 1,200 2 300
2 3 5,000 1 500
3 2 6,000 4 700
Instead, I get this result:
EmpNo Count of Sum of Count of Sum of
Hardware Hardware Software Software
1 2 2,400 2 300
2 3 5,000 3 1,500
3 8 24,000 8 1,400
This is my SQL statement:
SELECT DISTINCTROW SalesPerson.empno, Count(HardwareSales.amount) AS [Count Of Hardware], Sum(HardwareSales.amount) AS [Sum Of Hardware], Count(SoftwareSales.amount) AS [Count Of Software], Sum(SoftwareSales.amount) AS [Sum Of Software] FROM (SalesPerson INNER JOIN SoftwareSales ON SalesPerson.empno = SoftwareSales.empno) INNER JOIN HardwareSales ON SalesPerson.empno = HardwareSales.empno GROUP BY SalesPerson.empno, SalesPerson.lastname, SalesPerson.firstname, HardwareSales.empno, SoftwareSales.empno;
Please help as I hope to learn a lot from this query and others to come.
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Thanks for the splendid example.
You have two unrelated one-to-many relationships, from employee to software, and from employee to hardware, being combined in a query. The important point is that while multiple software rows are related to an employee, and multiple hardware rows are related to an employee, the individual software and hardware rows are unrelated to each other.
The effects of joining them are easy to see in your example. The software and hardware counts for each employee are multiplied together. The sums are inflated by a factor equal to the number of unrelated rows. What has happened is that every single software row for an employee is matched with every possible hardware row for that employee. Thus, for each employee you get a "Cartesian product" of software and hardware rows, resulting in cross join effects.
Here's one way to solve the problem:
select SalesPerson.empno
, Hcount as [Count Of Hardware]
, Hsum as [Sum Of Hardware]
, Scount as [Count Of Software]
, Ssum as [Sum Of Software]
from (
SalesPerson
inner
join (
select empno
, count(amount) as Scount
, sum(amount) as Ssum
from SoftwareSales
group by empno
) as S
on SalesPerson.empno = S.empno
)
inner
join (
select empno
, count(amount) as Hcount
, sum(amount) as Hsum
from HardwareSales
group by empno
) as H
on SalesPerson.empno = H.empno
This is Microsoft Access, right? When you paste this query into the SQL View window and save it, Access may replace the inner parentheses around the subqueries with square brackets and a period, but the query should still continue to work. Alternatively, you could save each of the subqueries as a query, then refer to them in the main query's FROM clause, in effect using the saved queries the way other databases use VIEWs.
The secret is to join each employee to only one row for software totals and only one row for hardware totals.
This was first published in March 2005
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